RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Enforcing regulatory standards in stock pollution problems A1 Arguedas, Carmen A1 Cabo García, Francisco José A1 Martín Herrán, Guiomar K1 Pollution standards K1 non-compliance K1 dynamic regulation K1 Stackelberg differential games K1 prices versus quantities AB We analyze optimal pollution standards and enforcement strategies in settings where environmental damages depend on accumulated pollution, and enforcement is socially costly. We assume that a regulator and a representative polluting firm interact in a Stackelberg differential game, and we specifically allow the firm to pollute above the limit, and pay the corresponding fine. A crucial element is how progressive the fine is with respect to the degree of non-compliance. Some of our results contradict the related literature on the control of stock pollutants under full-compliance. In particular, we find that setting standards dependent on the pollution stock (setting quantities) is preferred if fines are sufficiently non-linear; while setting fines dependent on the pollution stock (setting prices) is preferred if fines are linear or almost linear, and specially when the environmental problem is particularly harmful PB Elsevier YR 2020 FD 2020 LK http://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/41006 UL http://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/41006 LA eng NO Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, March 2020, vol 100, 102297 NO Producción Científica DS UVaDOC RD 19-abr-2024