RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Development and validation of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining acaricides in bee pollen
A1 Fuente Ballesteros, Adrián de la
A1 Augé, Camille
A1 Bernal del Nozal, José
A1 Ares Sacristán, Ana María
K1 Acaricide
K1 Pesticides
K1 Bee pollen
K1 Polen
K1 Abejas
K1 Gas chromatography
K1 Cromatografía de gases
K1 Mass spectrometry
K1 Methodology - Validity
K1 Sample treatment
K1 Analytical chemistry
K1 Spectroscopy
K1 2301 Química Analítica
K1 3101.09 Plaguicidas
K1 2209.21 Espectroscopia
AB Pesticides can be found in beehives for several reasons, including contamination from surrounding crops or for their use by beekeepers, which poses a risk to bee ecosystems and consumers. Therefore, efficient and sensitive methods are needed for determining pesticide residues in bee products. In this study, a new analytical method has been developed and validated to determine seven acaricides (atrazine, chlorpyrifos, chlorfenvinphos, α-endosulfan, bromopropylate, coumaphos, and τ-fluvalinate) in bee pollen using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. After an optimization study, the best sample treatment was obtained when using a modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method employing an ethyl acetate and cyclohexane as the extractant mixture, and a mixture of salts for the clean-up step. A chromatographic analysis (<21 min) was performed in an Agilent DB-5MS column, and it was operated under programmed temperature conditions. The method was fully validated in terms of selectivity, limits of detection (0.2–3.1 µg kg−1) and quantification (0.6–9.7 µg kg−1), linearity, matrix effect (<20% in all cases), trueness (recoveries between 80% and 108%), and precision. Finally, the proposed method was applied to analyze commercial bee pollen samples, and some of the target pesticides (chlorfenvinphos, α-endosulfan, coumaphos, and τ-fluvalinate) were detected.
PB MDPI
SN 1420-3049
YR 2023
FD 2023
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/63739
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/63739
LA eng
NO Molecules, 2023, Vol. 28, Nº. 6, 2497
NO Producción Científica
DS UVaDOC
RD 22-may-2024