Dpto. Pediatría e Inmunología, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Nutrición y Bromatología, Psiquiatría e Historia de la Ciencia - Artículos de revista https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/1387 2026-04-12T23:57:33Z 2026-04-12T23:57:33Z Münch, Andreas Escudero Hernández, Celia https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83346 2026-03-06T20:01:40Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprising two clinically undiscernible entities: collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis. Collagenous colitis associates with HLA genes and displays a Th1/Tc1–Th17/Tc17 profile with pericryptal myofibroblast activity, water malabsorption and secondary fluid loss due to altered osmoregulation. Conversely, lymphocytic colitis lacks genetic associations and displays a Th1/Th2 profile and paracellular/transcellular permeability. Lymphocytic colitis subclassifies into channelopathic lymphocytic colitis due to unique alteration of ion and organic acid transport that could result from drug exposure, and inflammatory lymphocytic colitis due to the involvement of moderate immune responses compared to collagenous colitis. As microscopic colitis mucosa remains intact and immune cells seem to stay inactive, microscopic colitis is an ideal model to explore early stages of IBD if collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis are studied as distinct entities. Exploiting multiomic approaches and established biobanks will ensure validation of microscopic colitis patient stratification, and deepening into pathomechanisms which could enable precision medicine.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Zeeb, Bastian Lukas Weber-Stiehl, Saskia Escudero Hernández, Celia Müller, Dominik N. Maifeld, Andras Sommer, Felix Schmitt, Roland Sievers, Laura Katharina https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83345 2026-03-06T20:01:38Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Arterial hypertension is a major health challenge worldwide. Lifestyle factors including dietary NaCl increase the risk of hypertension. Pathophysiologically, the activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and vascular remodeling, as well as the increase in Th17 lymphocytes, contribute to increased blood pressure and end-organ damage. To date, it is unknown whether NaCl, changed osmolarity, and/or angiotensin II directly induce Th17 differentiation, and, if so, which molecular pathways are involved. One major transcription factor inducing Th17 differentiation is RORγt. RORγt+ immune-cell subtypes increased in a mouse model of hypertension. In primary splenocytes, NaCl and mannitol but not angiotensin II increased the frequency of RORγt+ lymphocytes and IL-17 and IL-22 expression. NaCl and angiotensin II induced angiotensin II receptor expression. NaCl led to the inactivation of the Hippo pathway in lymphocytes and decreased phosphorylation of the transcription factor TAZ, leading to increased functionality as a transcriptional coregulator. Inhibition of TAZ by verteporfin blocked the NaCl-induced increase in RORγt+ lymphocytes. Taken together, we found that NaCl induced pro-inflammatory lymphocytes via the regulation of Hippo signaling. The results suggest the possible involvement of Hippo signaling in the pathophysiology of salt-sensitive hypertension, with the potential for therapeutic targeting by small-molecule approaches.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Osorio Iriarte, María Emma Díez Revuelta, Álvaro Fernández Linsenbarth, Ines Arjona Valladares, Antonio Beño Ruiz De La Sierra, Rosa María Roig Herrero, Alejandro Martínez Sánchez, José María Sobrino Conde, Luis Molina Rodríguez, Vicente https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83315 2026-03-03T20:01:15Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Background and hypothesis: Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders exhibit significant clinical and cognitive heterogeneity, challenging diagnosis and treatment. Given indications of widespread cortical hyperactivity and dysregulation of neural oscillations in schizophrenia, investigating resting-state activity is highly relevant. This study examined resting-state EEG alterations across previously defined cognitive subtypes within the psychosis spectrum. Study design: We analyzed resting-state EEG data from 141 psychosis patients (64 chronic schizophrenia, 40 first- episode schizophrenia, 37 bipolar disorder) and 80 healthy controls. Patients were a priori classified into two distinct cognitive subgroups: Cluster 1 (severe impairment, n = 47) and Cluster 2 (moderate impairment, n = 94). Study results: Both patient clusters exhibited increased spectral power across most frequency bands compared to healthy controls. Notably, the more severely impaired Cluster 1 showed significantly higher power in the gamma-1 band (30–45 Hz) compared to Cluster 2. Furthermore, in Cluster 1, a significant positive correlation was found between resting-state gamma-1 power and positive symptom scores. Conclusions: These results support our hypothesis of distinctive basal hyperactivation linked to the cognitive profile, suggesting that altered intrinsic brain activity, particularly gamma-1 hyperactivation, may underlie cognitive heterogeneity in psychosis. This also suggests that gamma-1 band hyperactivation at rest serves as a distinct neurophysiological marker differentiating both subgroups. Our findings highlight the importance of subdivision approaches to identify more homogeneous patient subgroups and emphasize the potential of resting- state gamma activity as a precise biomarker for specific symptom dimensions and personalized treatment strategies.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z de Mateo Silleras, Beatriz Barrera Ortega, Sara Carreño Enciso, Laura Gallego Herreros, Gema de la Cruz Marcos, Sandra Redondo del Río, María Paz https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83310 2026-04-06T08:01:27Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Background: Institutionalized older adults often experience cognitive and functional decline and altered body composition (BC), making nutritional assessment difficult. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) offers a simple and non-invasive method to evaluate BC; classic and specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis do not require predictive models or assumptions about hydration status. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of BIA, classic bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), and specific BIVA (BIVA-Sp) in detecting nutritional and other related disorders in institutionalized psychogeriatric patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 95 institutionalized older adults (52 men, 43 women; mean age: 80 years). Clinical and functional data, including frailty, dependency, handgrip strength, and anthropometry, were collected. BC was assessed using BIA. Nutritional diagnoses included malnutrition (GLIM criteria), sarcopenia (EWGSOP2), adiposity, and sarcopenic obesity (SOGLI criteria). Mean impedance vectors and 95% confidence ellipses were generated for BIVA and BIVA-Sp. Individual vectors were compared with reference data from healthy older adults. Statistical analyses compared clinical variables and impedance vector distributions between groups. Results: Classic BIVA differentiated patients with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, while BIVA-Sp identified vector shifts associated with adiposity and sarcopenic obesity. Neither BIVA nor BIVA-Sp discriminated patients based on body mass index or malnutrition status. Conclusions: The application of BIVA in institutionalized psychogeriatric patients allows for easier, faster, and more effective detection of changes in BC and hydration status compared with conventional methods. This enables individualized monitoring and facilitates interventions that may reduce complications, functional decline, and hospitalizations, thereby improving their quality of life.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z de Mateo Silleras, Beatriz Carreño Enciso, Laura de la Cruz Marcos, Sandra Quinto Fernández, Emiliano Redondo del Río, María Paz https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83309 2026-04-06T08:00:47Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Background/Objectives: The university stage is a critical period for consolidating dietary habits that influence future health. University canteens therefore play a key role in providing menus aligned with nutritional recommendations. As menu composition shapes students' access to healthy food, its evaluation also has equity implications. This study aimed to apply a newly designed questionnaire-the COMUNI questionnaire-intended to provide a rapid, user-friendly, and transferable method for evaluating the dietary quality of lunch menus offered in university canteens. Methods: Two versions of the 13-item COMUNI questionnaire were developed: COMUNI-1 for single-option menus and COMUNI-2 for menus offering multiple first- and second-course choices. The tool evaluates the frequency of key food groups, the availability of water and wholegrain bread, and the variety of foods and culinary techniques. To test the questionnaire, it was applied to 34 menu templates from university residences, colleges, and cafeterias. Results: 85.3% of menus showed deficient dietary quality, and 14.7% were rated as improvable; none achieved an optimal score. Menus managed by catering companies obtained significantly higher scores than those under direct management. Most frequently shortcomings included insufficient offerings of vegetables, legumes, fish, and wholegrain bread, alongside a frequent presence of refined carbohydrate sources and fried or ultra-processed foods. Conclusions: Universities should incorporate adherence to dietary recommendations as a key criterion in food-service procurement. The COMUNI questionnaire provides a simple and operational tool for assessing menu quality, supporting both diagnosis and monitoring of university food-service, once formally validated. Its use may also help identify structural disparities in access to healthy foods across campus settings, supporting more equitable food-service policies.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Velasco González, Verónica Durántez Fernández, Carlos Cardaba García, Rosa María Pérez Pérez, Lucía Díez Revuelta, Álvaro Jimeno Bulnes, Natalia https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83166 2026-02-26T20:01:40Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

El presente capítulo presenta los resultados obtenidos en el marco del proyecto de innovación docente HumanizAS en estudiantes del Grado en Enfermería de la Universidad de Valladolid, con especial atención a la evaluación de la humanización mediante la escala HUMAS. Se analizan las entrevistas realizadas a profesionales de enfermería, los aprendizajes percibidos por los estudiantes y las puntuaciones obtenidas en las dimensiones de la escala, en comparación con profesionales. Los hallazgos refuerzan la pertinencia de introducir competencias de humanización en etapas tempranas de la formación, con un impacto positivo en la percepción de la práctica clínica y en el desarrollo de competencias comunicativas y emocionales.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Jimeno Bulnes, Natalia Díez Revuelta, Álvaro https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83165 2026-02-26T20:01:37Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

El proyecto de innovación docente humanizAS de la Universidad de Valladolid aborda la necesidad de humanizar la atención sanitaria, una competencia prioritaria ante la excesiva tecnificación y burocratización de los contextos sanitarios. Se implementa en cinco grados sanitarios de forma temprana y multidisciplinar. Su metodología central es la "Entrevista a un Profesional Sanitario", que promueve el contacto asistencial temprano y el papel activo de los estudiantes. Tras cinco años y 191 entrevistas, su valoración por estudiantes y profesionales demuestra un alto éxito. El modelo, que se apoya en una extensa red de colaboradores, fomenta la adquisición de competencias de humanización en la atención sanitaria y se postula como estándar para la formación sanitaria futura.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Díez Revuelta, Álvaro Carretero Lozano, Naira Martínez García, Diana Jimeno Bulnes, Natalia https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83164 2026-02-26T20:01:37Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

El proyecto humanizAS aborda el aprendizaje temprano de la humanización de la atención sanitaria, una competencia esencial para el Grado en Nutrición Humana y Dietética debido a la necesidad de construir una sólida alianza terapéutica. La metodología central es la "Entrevista a un Profesional Sanitario", que se implementa en el primer curso en colaboración con el Colegio Oficial de Dietistas-Nutricionistas de Castilla y León (CODINUCyL). Durante los dos primeros cursos de aplicación (2022-2024), 79 estudiantes han entrevistado a 16 Dietistas-Nutricionistas (93,8% mujeres) con experiencia entre 3 y 30 años. Las profesionales otorgaron una alta puntuación de satisfacción (4,8/5) y utilidad (4,8/5), al igual que las estudiantes (4,4/5 y 4,5/5, respectivamente). Esta actividad se valida como un modelo clave para la formación humanista temprana en Dietética-Nutrición.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Díez Revuelta, Álvaro Beño Ruiz de la Sierra, Rosa María Arjona Valladares, Antonio Almudí Alegre, José Luis Jimeno Bulnes, Natalia https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83163 2026-02-26T20:01:39Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

El proyecto humanizAS implementa la actividad "Entrevista a un Profesional Sanitario" como práctica obligatoria en el Grado en Medicina de la Universidad de Valladolid. Integrada en la asignatura de Psicología de segundo curso, facilitando el contacto asistencial temprano y la humanización. Esta actividad se ha realizado en el Grado en Medicina en los últimos cinco cursos académicos (2019-2024). La metodología exige colaboradores con un mínimo de cinco años de experiencia para obtener una perspectiva dilatada sobre la relación clínico-paciente y el manejo de la enfermedad. Los resultados muestran una alta satisfacción en estudiantes y profesionales participantes. El proyecto, apoyado por el ICOMVA y con enfoque multidisciplinar, se valida como una herramienta innovadora para introducir la reflexión humanística en la formación inicial del futuro médico.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Ayuso lanchares, Alba Santiago Pardo, Rosa Belén Díez Revuelta, Álvaro Jimeno Bulnes, Natalia https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83162 2026-02-26T20:01:38Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Este artículo presenta los resultados del Proyecto de Innovación Docente HumanizAS, desarrollado en la asignatura Introducción a la Logopedia en la Universidad de Valladolid. A través de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas por estudiantes a profesionales de distintos ámbitos, se analizan discursos sobre la formación, vocación, condiciones laborales, coordinación interdisciplinar y humanización en la atención. El análisis cualitativo mediante ATLAS.ti muestra cómo los valores éticos, la empatía y el compromiso son ejes clave en la construcción de una logopedia centrada en la persona.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z González de la Parte, Esther Figueroa Haro, Jessica Nataly Marceñido Gil, Beatriz García Vázquez, Carmen Galindo de la Rosa, Sara Enriquez De Salamanca Aladro, Amalia Álvarez Bardón, María Calonge, Margarita López Miguel, Alberto Nieto Miguel, Teresa De La Mata Sampedro, Ana https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/82518 2026-04-10T06:36:39Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

El síndrome de insuficiencia límbica es una patología de la superficie ocular que provoca ceguera corneal por pérdida de células madre limbares. El trasplante de células madre mesenquimales (MSCs) ha demostrado una eficacia parcial en su tratamiento gracias a su capacidad inmunomoduladora, migratoria y regenerativa. Dicha eficacia se ha tratado de potenciar en este trabajo mediante la modificación genética de MSCs humanas de tejido adiposo con CXCR4 o TSG-6. La transducción de las MSCs no alteró su inmunofenotipo ni su capacidad de diferenciación multilinaje. Ensayos de migración y regeneración epitelial en modelos in vitro de inflamación demostraron la mejora en la capacidad regenerativa y migratoria de las MSCs gracias a la sobreexpresión de TSG-6 o CXCR4. El análisis de sobrenadantes mediante Luminex reveló que IL-6, MCP-1, RANTES y VEGF-A podrían estar implicados en la modulación de la efectividad del tratamiento.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Mijancos Martínez, Gema Fernández Linsenbarth, Ines Bachiller Matarranz, Alejandro Beño Ruiz De La Sierra, Rosa María Osorio Iriarte, María Emma Roig Herrero, Alejandro Rodríguez Valbuena, Claudia Fiorini Talavera, Juan Carlos Ruiz Gómez, Saúl José Mancha, Ricardo D. Molina Rodríguez, Vicente Mañanas, Miguel Ángel https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/82486 2026-02-03T20:01:17Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Background: EEG recordings associated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with paired pulse para- digms allow the in vivo assessment of cortical inhibitory function. The long-interval cortical inhibition (LICI) paradigm can be used to estimate this function related to GABAb receptors. Methods: We compared LICI values between 25 patients with schizophrenia, 16 patients with bipolar disorder (BD), and 23 healthy controls (HC). We also assessed the relationship between LICI values and cognitive per- formance, as well as the treatment with antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, and anticonvulsants. Results: LICI was significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia than in controls, but not in BD patients. In the former group, LICI was negatively associated with cognitive performance and positive symptoms. However, benzodiazepines increased LICI values, which does not explain its decrease in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions: Our data support the existence of a functional inhibitory deficit mediated by GABAb receptors in schizophrenia, that is associated with cognitive performance and symptoms. In the context of existing literature, this deficit may characterize a subgroup of patients with this diagnosis

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Caro Canales, Irma Quinto Fernández, Emiliano José Fuentes, L. Alessandria, V. Cocolin, L.S. Redondo del Río, María Paz Mayo, Baltasar Flórez, Ana Mateo, Javier https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81301 2026-04-06T08:04:15Z 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

Lactococci strains obtained from raw-milk Oaxaca cheese through its production process in two factories from the Tulancingo Valley, Mexico, were isolated and characterized. A total of 120 colonies were selected from the growth in M17 and MRS agars. Twenty were identified as lactococci strains, all Lactococcus lactis, and were characterized by molecular and phenotypic methods including carbohydrate use, enzymatic profile, acidifying capacity, and antibiotic and phage resistance. High phenotypic diversity was observed and confirmed among the Lactococcus lactis strains by rep-PCR fingerprints. Fifty percent of the strains were resistant to Streptomycin and 35% to erythromycin. Nine isolates were considered as fast acidifying strains. The predominant volatile compounds produced were 3-methylbutanol, 3-methylbutanal and butane-2,3-dione. A selection of strains isolated in this study has shown satisfactory characteristics to be used as potential starters for the industrial production of Oaxaca cheese.

2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Simón, Alba Bordonaba Bosque, Daniel Montero Domínguez, Olimpio Solano Castán, Javier https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/80583 2026-01-13T07:16:47Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

Background/Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease whose importance rises with aging, though it is also looming large in younger populations due to increasing obesity. Its effects may damage renal and heart functioning. Plasma biomarkers of T2DM have been shown through metabolomic studies under different conditions, mainly obesity, but untargeted metabolomic studies on T2DM are lacking for elderly people. Methods: A UPLC-MS-based metabolomic approach was conducted to ascertain potential plasma biomarkers in a cohort older than 65 years. Results: The dipeptide Gly-His, along with diverse lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs), mainly LPC(14:0) and LPC(20:4), and three gangliosides were found to have different plasma content in T2DM subjects compared to control (non-diabetic) subjects (NT2DM). LPC(20:4) exhibited a gender dependence, with statistically significant differences only in females. Gly-His correlated with MEDAS-14, whereas LPC(14:0) correlated with sugar-rich food consumption. Conclusions: As previously demonstrated for other conditions, mainly obesity, altered lipid metabolism was shown in this study to be a hallmark of T2DM in elderly people also.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Roig Herrero, Alejandro San José Revuelta, Luis Miguel Navarro González, Rafael Luis García, Rodrigo de Molina Rodríguez, Vicente https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/80231 2025-12-11T10:28:49Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Accelerated brain aging has been consistently reported in patients with schizophrenia. Over the past decade, these findings have been replicated using the Brain Age paradigm, which applies machine learning techniques to estimate brain age from neuroimaging data. This approach yields a single index, the Brain Age Gap, defined as the difference between predicted and chronological age. Nevertheless, both the progressive nature of this phenomenon and the potential role of antipsychotic medication remain unclear. To investigate its progression, we compared the Brain Age Gap between individuals experiencing a first episode of psychosis and healthy controls using ANCOVA, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and estimated total intracranial volume. To enhance the robustness of our findings, we employed two distinct models: a transformer-inspired model based on harmonized volumetric brain features extracted with FastSurfer, and a previously trained deep learning model. To assess the potential effect of medication, we further compared bipolar patients who received antipsychotic treatment with those who did not. Mann-Whitney U test consistently showed that medicated bipolar patients did not exhibit a significantly larger Brain Age Gap. Both models converge on the conclusion that accelerated brain aging is unlikely to be explained by antipsychotic medication alone. Longitudinal studies are therefore required to clarify the temporal dynamics of brain aging in schizophrenia

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Beño Ruiz De La Sierra, Rosa María Arjona Valladares, Antonio Hernández García, Marta Saray Fernández Linsenbarth, Ines Díez Revuelta, Álvaro Fondevila Estévez, Sabela Castaño, Carolina Muñoz, Francisco Sanz Fuentenebro, Javier Roig Herrero, Alejandro Molina Rodríguez, Vicente https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/80229 2026-03-03T12:19:32Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Background and hypothesis: Corollary discharge mechanism suppresses the conscious auditory sensory perception of self-generated speech and attenuates electrophysiological markers such as the auditory N1 Event-Related Potential (ERP) during Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. This phenomenon contributes to self-identification and seems to be altered in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, its alteration could be related to the anomalous self-experiences (ASEs) frequently found in these patients. Study design: To analyze corollary discharge dysfunction as a possible substrate of ASEs, we recorded EEG ERP from 43 participants with schizophrenia and 43 healthy controls and scored ASEs with the 'Inventory of Psychotic-Like Anomalous Self-Experiences' (IPASE). Positive and negative symptoms were also scored with the 'Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia' (PANSS) and with the 'Brief Negative Symptom Scale' (BNSS) respectively. The N1 components were elicited by two task conditions: (1) concurrent listening to self-pronounced vowels (talk condition) and (2) subsequent non-concurrent listening to the same previously self-uttered vowels (listen condition). Study results: The amplitude of the N1 component elicited by the talk condition was lower compared to the listen condition in people with schizophrenia and healthy controls. However, the difference in N1 amplitude between both conditions was significantly higher in controls than in schizophrenia patients. The values of these differences in patients correlated significantly and negatively with the IPASE, PANSS, and BNSS scores. Conclusions: These results corroborate previous data relating auditory N1 ERP amplitude with altered corollary discharge mechanisms in schizophrenia and support corollary discharge dysfunction as a possible underpinning of ASEs in this illness.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z