https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/1219 Dpto. Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Expresión Gráfica en la Ingeniería, Ingeniería Cartográfica, ... - Capítulos de monografías 2026-04-18T13:37:05Z https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83344 Abstract A part definition drawing must accurately assume the functional require- ments of the mechanical system to which it belongs to enable correct functional dimensioning. This dimensioning is essential for the methods office to define its production and for metrology to define its verification. It should be noted that the functional dimensioning process we propose simulates a professional exercise in an academic environment. In this paper, a method that uses a 3D model of a mechan- ical system is adopted and the nominal models of the components. It also relies on analyzing the positioning of each part in the possible working states of the mechanical system. The part functional dimensioning requires mastery of the ISO-GPS language (International Organization for Standardization-Geometrical product specifications), and a precise analysis of the operation and positioning of each component. This anal- ysis of the part positioning will allow the definition of the necessary datum systems and the definition of the initial GPS specifications of dimension, tolerance zone and pattern (maximum or least material requirement). Both analyses should provide us with the ISO-GPS functional dimensions in the functional definition drawings according to ISO 16792:2021 and other GPS standards. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/82900 Several renowned architectural masterpieces, preserved solely through literary descriptions, have played a crucial role in facilitating discussions on both theoretical and visual perspectives, offering insights about their real appearance. Regardless of the level of detail in textual descriptions, words fall short in fully encapsulating the multifaceted nature of architecture. This inherent lack of precise definition opens up a creative space for authors who embark on the challenge of visually translating text into images. In doing so, theoreticians and architects have infused their creativity into the graphic representation of those descriptions, enriching the visual interpretation of architectural concepts. The task of converting textual descriptions into images is now closely aligned with the new capabilities of text-to-image generation provided by numerous Artificial Intelligence applications. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive review and update of the Villa Laurentina through experiments with “prompts” derived from the texts of Pliny the Younger, in order to generate and evaluate the resulting images. Those capabilities enable us to suggest as well an exercise in observing how Stable Diffusion reacts once it has been fine-tuned with graphic proposals that have been issued by scholars throughout history, incorporating those same “prompts” by Pliny. The outcomes are analyzed in terms of the ability of artificial intelligence to decode texts and perform visual interpretations about the classical theme of representing lost architectures after customizing the Stable Diffusion tool. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81206 This article deals with the analysis of the part positioning in models of mechanical assemblies and its systematic recording. This analysis is essential in the process of obtaining the functional dimensioning of each component that meets the geometric requirements set by the specifications. The method is derived from knowledge of the nominal models of each component and the whole assembly. The first phase of functional dimensioning is based on the analysis of the positioning of each part in any possible operating state. The part positioning depends on the identification and definition of the contact surfaces and their order of preponderance. This method makes it possible to obtain the dimensioning of the contact surfaces by means of position specifications. In addition, by precisely defining the part positioning, the ISO dimensioning can be carried out in such a way that the consistency of the dimensioning with the requirements can be easily verified. Every functional requirement will generate a tolerance stackup of influencing dimensions that must be recorded. Considering that an assembly or device may have several operating states, parts may have several operating positions which shall be analyzed and provide different dimension tolerance stackups and functional dimensions. For the above reasons, the method must use the language common to all these environments, which is none other than the ISO-GPS language. 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81149 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) is the international symbolic language used to express geometrical technical functional requirements in technical drawings and unambiguously to define their meaning by relying on precise concepts and symbolic representations. Facing some ambiguities produced by certain "open" interpretations in the geometric specification of products (GPS) justifies a critical study and the indication a few guidelines for graphic interpretation of some concepts. On the other hand, EN ISO 1101: 2017 is a functional dimensioning tool defined on isolated, rigid, and immobile parts (except for run-out specifications) that should express unambiguously and completely all the specifications per zone for the geometry of a product on a sufficient nominal model support for the understanding of the standard and corresponding to the functional requirements of its assembly context, to which the part belongs. These difficulties in the interpretation of the norm persist at present, as reported by companies in our industrial environment. This document suggests guidelines for the interpretation of some concepts of the EN ISO 1101: 2017 standard (for non-expert engineering students) and aims to apply a systematic sequential procedure set in a series of steps to provide the precise determination of the tolerance zone to avoid ambiguity, misconceptions, and to enable definition and representation of geometric specifications in technical drawings. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/79091 The creation of three-dimensional artistic works has employed a wide range of manufacturing processes throughout its history. Aspects such as the specialization of functions or serial production, typical of industrial processes, have been present since antiquity in the crafting of simple everyday objects and also in the manufacturing of more complex and unique pieces, such as artistic sculptures. The material remains of serialized artifacts and the tools used in their production reveal extremely slow and laborious methods, even in processes aimed at mass production. In the present day, parallels exist between the digital revolution and the automation of manufacturing sectors and the new possibilities for producing three-dimensional artworks. The tools provided by the digital environment for the conception, design, and virtual construction of artistic objects in three dimensions have been complemented for over a decade by the possibilities for their subsequent materialization through 3D printing or machining with sophisticated robots. Profound changes in this sector are contributing to renewing the traditional discussion about the role of the artist in highly technologized processes. In this chapter, we reflect on the current scenario posed by new three-dimensional manufacturing technologies and their consequences for the possibilities of dissemination, perception, and reception of sculptural manufacturing methods in the twenty-first century. 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z