Isomeric aromatic polyimides containing biphenyl moieties for gas separation applications

Abstract

An optimized synthesis of the monomer 2,2′3,3′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, iBPDA, was performed to obtain high molecular weight polymers. This monomer has a contorted structure that produces a non-linear shape, hindering the packing of the polymer chain. Aromatic polyimides of high molecular weight were obtained by reaction with the commercial diamine 2,2-bis(4-aminophenyl) hexafluoropropane, 6FpDA, which is a very common monomer in gas separation applications. This diamine has hexafluoroisopropylidine groups which introduce rigidity in the chains, hindering efficient packing. The thermal treatment of the polymers processed as dense membranes had two targets: on the one hand, to achieve the complete elimination of the solvent used, which could remain occluded in the polymeric matrix, and on the other hand to ensure the complete cycloimidization of the polymer. A thermal treatment exceeding the glass transition temperature was performed to ensure the maximum degree of imidization at 350 °C. The good mechanical properties of these materials allow for their use in high-pressure gas purification applications. Moreover, models of the polymers exhibited an Arrhenius-like behavior characteristic of secondary relaxations, normally associated with local motions of the molecular chain. The gas productivity of these membranes was high.