Core preparation has been documented in Developed Oldowan assemblages dated between 1.5–1.3 Ma. However,
its correct identification and significance is a matter of debate. In order to shed light on this issue, this paper
attempts to reconstruct the flake production processes of the lithic assemblages currently recovered in SHK and
BK at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). The methodological approach applied for the study of these two classical Developed
Oldowan sites is based on the analysis and classification of flaking cores through detailed diacritical and
technological descriptions, regardless of aprioristic morphological considerations. The flake production processes
identified in both assemblages exhibit great technological homogeneity. The most remarkable difference between
them is linked with divergences in flake size production. Core rotation and elongation of the perimeter of the
flaked surface were the main technical actions implemented to manage core reduction, and seem to be related to
reduction intensity. Core preparation, specifically striking platform preparation, was also applied, but to a minor
extent, and was linked with a more effective management of blank reduction. It was not carried out through rigid
technical and geometric schemes, and the products obtained were not predetermined. Nevertheless, its mere presence
in Developed Oldowan sites is very suggestive, as it confirms a strong relationship between the Developed
Oldowan and early Acheulean assemblages.
