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Título
Balancing mitigation policies during pandemics: economic, health, and environmental implications
Año del Documento
2024
Documento Fuente
Annals of Operations Research
Résumé
The strategies implemented to contain the spread of COVID-19 have clearly shown the
existence of a nontrivial relation between epidemiological and environmental outcomes. On
the one hand, mitigation policy generates unclear pollution effects, since social distancing
measures favor a reduction in industrial emissions while health regulations and recommendations
contribute to increase it. On the other hand, increased pollution exposes individuals
to a higher chance of severe symptoms increasing their probability of death due to respiratory
diseases. In order to understand how balancing the different goals in the design of effective
containment policies we develop a normative approach to account for their consequences on
the economy, health and the environment by analyzing the working mechanisms of social
distancing in a pollution-extended macroeconomic-epidemiological framework with healthenvironment
feedback effects. By limiting social contacts and thus disease incidence, social
distancing favors health and environmental outcomes at the cost of a deterioration inmacroeconomic
conditions.We show that social distancing alone is not enough to reverse the growth
pattern of both disease prevalence and pollution and thus it is optimal to reduce the disease
spread even if this generates a deterioration in environmental conditions.We also extend our
baseline model to account for the role of strategic interactions between neighbor economies
in which both pollution and disease prevalence are transboundary. In this context we show
that free-riding induces sizeable efficiency losses, quantifiable in about 5% excess disease
prevalence and 10% excess pollution at the end of the epidemic management program in the
case of only two interacting economies.
ISSN
0254-5330
Revisión por pares
SI
Idioma
spa
Tipo de versión
info:eu-repo/semantics/draft
Derechos
openAccess
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