Homogeneous catalysis in continuous flow integrating photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and automation technologies

Abstract

In recent years, homogeneous catalysis in continuous flow has undergone remarkable advances, driving significant progress across a broad range of chemical transformations. In this review, we examine how novel synthetic tools such as photo- and electrocatalysis have been merged with catalytic processes to unlock synthetic opportunities and enable transformations in flow that are challenging under conventional batch conditions. Furthermore, we discuss the integration of automation and high-throughput methodologies, emphasizing their roles in synthesis, catalyst screening and reaction optimization in homogeneous flow catalysis. By providing a unified perspective on these developments, we highlight the impact of modern technologies and the potential for interdisciplinary innovation.