2026-04-30T05:19:10Zhttps://uvadoc.uva.es/oai/request

oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/586282023-02-13T20:00:27Zcom_10324_1157com_10324_931com_10324_894col_10324_1298

Pérez Bartolomé, Isidro Alberto García Pérez, María Ángeles Sánchez Gómez, María Luisa Pardo Gómez, Nuria 2023-02-13T10:01:53Z 2023-02-13T10:01:53Z 2022 Science of The Total Environment, 2022, vol. 819, p. 153129 0048-9697 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/58628 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153129 153129 Science of The Total Environment 819 CO2 and CH4 outliers may have a noticeable impact on the trend of both gases. Nine years of measurements since 2010 recorded at a rural site in northern Spain were used to investigate these outliers. Their influence on the trend was presented and two limits were established. No more than 23.5% of outliers should be excluded from the measurement series in order to obtain representative trends, which were 2.349 ± 0.012 ppm year−1 for CO2 and 0.00879 ± 0.00004 ppm year−1 for CH4. Two types of outliers were distinguished. Those above the trend line and the rest below the trend line. Outliers were described by skewed distributions where the Weibull distribution figures prominently in most cases. A qualitative procedure was presented to exclude the worst fits, although five statistics were considered to select the best fit. In this case, the modified Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency is prominent. Finally, three symmetrical distributions were added to fit the observations when outliers are excluded, with the Gaussian and beta distributions providing the best fits. As a result, certain skewed functions, such as the lognormal distribution, whose use is frequent for air pollutants, could be questioned in certain applications. eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ © 2022 The Author(s) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Trend analysis and outlier distribution of CO2 and CH4: A case study at a rural site in northern Spain info:eu-repo/semantics/article