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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Caballero García, Alberto author Córdova Martínez, Alfredo author Vicente Salar, Néstor author Roche Collado, Enrique author Pérez Valdecantos, Daniel author 2021 Aside from its role in bone metabolism, vitamin D is a key immunomodulatory micronutrient. The active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)D) seems to modulate the innate immune system through different mechanisms. The vitamin is involved in the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, increasing the phagocytic and chemotactic functions of these cells. At the same time, vitamin D enables efferocytosis and prevents immunopathology. In addition, vitamin D is involved in other processes related to immune function, such as inflammation. Regarding muscle tissue, vitamin D plays an active role in muscle inflammatory response, protein synthesis, and regulation of skeletal muscle function. Two mechanisms have been proposed: A direct role of 1,25(OH)D binding to vitamin D receptors (VDRs) in muscle cells and the modulation of calcium transport in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This second mechanism needs additional investigation. In conclusion, vitamin D seems to be effective in cases of deficiency and/or if there is a great muscular commitment, such as in high intensity exercises. Nutrients 2021, Vol. 13, Nº. 7, 2336 2072-6643 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59453 10.3390/nu13072336 2336 7 Nutrients 13 2072-6643 Exercice Sports Ejercicio físico Immunology Inflammation Vitamin D Vitamin D, its role in recovery after muscular damage following exercise