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oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/595472024-04-05T15:05:03Zcom_10324_40357com_10324_952com_10324_894col_10324_40358

Byambajav, Mungunshur Arroyo del Arroyo, Cristina Enriquez De Salamanca Aladro, Amalia Fernández Martínez, Itziar Martin, Eilidh Hagan, Suzanne 2023-05-09T11:08:54Z 2023-05-09T11:08:54Z 2021 Applied Sciences, 2021, vol. 11, n. 12, 5755 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59547 10.3390/app11125755 5755 12 Applied Sciences 11 2076-3417 Producción Científica The concentrations of insulin, leptin, active ghrelin, C-peptide and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and their inter-day variations were examined in normal human tears. In addition, correlations between the concentrations of these metabolic proteins and ocular surface parameters were determined. Subjects with healthy ocular surfaces attended three visits, with 7-day intervals. Tear evaporation rate (TER) and non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT) were assessed, and a total of 2 µL tears were collected from all subjects. Tear fluid concentrations of insulin, leptin, active ghrelin, C-peptide and GIP were measured by multiplex bead analysis. Insulin was the most highly expressed metabolic protein, followed by leptin, C-peptide, active ghrelin and GIP. Of these, only active ghrelin had a significant inter-day variation (p < 0.05). There was no inter-day variation in the mean concentrations of the other metabolic proteins. Leptin had a strong intra-class reproducibility. No correlation was detected between tear metabolic protein concentrations and ocular surface parameters. This pilot study shows, for the first time, that active ghrelin and GIP are detectable in healthy tears. The strong intra-class reproducibility for leptin shows that it could be used as a potential tear fluid biomarker and, possibly, in determining the effects of metabolic disorders on the ocular surface. application/pdf eng MDPI info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2021 The Authors Atribución 4.0 Internacional Ophthalmology Endocrinology Biomarker Ocular surface Metabolic protein Tear fluid Biomarcador Superficie ocular Proteína metabólica Líquido lagrimal 3201.09 Oftalmología A pilot proteomic study of normal human tears: leptin as a potential biomarker of metabolic disorders info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/12/5755 SI