2026-04-27T12:34:58Zhttps://uvadoc.uva.es/oai/request

oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/636302025-01-22T08:34:33Zcom_10324_1149com_10324_931com_10324_894col_10324_1274

Molina Oliva, María Martín Sánchez, Rafael Pastor Benito, Elena Soto Cámara, Raúl Cardaba García, Rosa María Thuissard, Israel John Fernández Domínguez, Juan José Matellán Hernández, María Paz Navalpotro Pascual, Susana Morales Sanchez, Almudena 2023-12-14T13:15:38Z 2023-12-14T13:15:38Z 2023 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2023, Vol. 20, Nº. 4, 3574 1660-4601 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/63630 10.3390/ijerph20043574 3574 4 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20 1660-4601 Producción Científica This study aimed to describe factors relating to the psychological distress of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Spanish out-of-hospital emergency medical services (EMS), according to the previous or non-use of psychotropic drugs or psychotherapy. A multicentre, cross-sectional descriptive study was designed. The study population were all physicians, nurses, and emergency medical technicians (EMTs) working in any Spanish out-of-hospital EMS between February and April 2021. The main outcomes were the levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy, assessed by DASS-21 and G-SES. Differences in levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy, according to sex, age, previous use of psychotropic drug or psychotherapy, work experience, professional category, type of work, and modification of working conditions were measured using the Student’s t-test for independent samples, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, or 2-factor analysis of covariance. A total of 1636 HCWs were included, of whom one in three had severe mental disorders because of the pandemic. The interaction of the previous or non-use of psychotropic drugs or psychotherapy with the rest of the factors considered did not modify the levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy. However, HCWs with a history of psychotropic drug or psychotherapy use had a more intense negative emotional response and lower self-efficacy, regardless of their sex, professional category, type of work, or change in the working conditions. These HCWs are considered particularly vulnerable to the development or recurrence of new disorders or other comorbidities; therefore, the implementation of monitoring and follow-up strategies should be a priority. application/pdf eng MDPI info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2023 The authors Atribución 4.0 Internacional Atribución 4.0 Internacional COVID-19 Mental health personnel - Supervision of Public health personnel Personal sanitario Emergency medical services Servicios médicos de urgencia Stress (Psychology) Estrés (Psicología) Anxiety Ansiedad Depression Depresión mental Self-efficacy Autoeficacia Psychotropic drugs Drogas psicotrópicas Psychotherapy Pharmacology Public health - Spain Salud pública - España 61 Psicología 6103.07 Psicoterapia 3209 Farmacología 3204.03 Salud Profesional Influence of previous mental state on psychological outcomes of Spanish out-of-hospital professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/4/3574 SI