2026-04-23T00:17:00Zhttps://uvadoc.uva.es/oai/request

oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/644022024-04-09T08:14:41Zcom_10324_1159com_10324_931com_10324_894col_10324_1310

Bishel, D. T. Marley, E. V. Schneider, M. B. Liedahl, D. A. Heeter, R. F. Foord, M. E. Kemp, G. E. Frank, Y. Emig, J. A. Nilson, P. M. Chin, D. A. Rygg, J. R. Collins, G. W. Pérez Callejo, Gabriel 2024-01-10T17:48:32Z 2024-01-10T17:48:32Z 2023 Physics of Plasmas, Julio 2023, v. 30, p. 073303 1070-664X https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/64402 10.1063/5.0151931 7 Physics of Plasmas 30 1089-7674 Time-gated Sc K-shell and Ge L-shell spectra are presented from a range of characterized thermodynamic states spanning ion densities of 1e19-1e20cm-3 and plasma temperatures around 2000eV. For the higher densities studied and temperatures from 1000 to 3000 eV, the Sc and Ge x-ray emission spectra are consistent with steady-state calculations from the modern atomic kinetics model SCRAM. At the lower ion densities achieved through plasma expansion, however, the model calculations require a higher plasma temperature to reproduce the observed Ge spectrum. We attribute this to ionization disequilibrium of the Sc because the ionization time scales exceed the hydrodynamic timescale when the inferred temperatures diverge. eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Atribución 4.0 Internacional Ionization disequilibrium in K- and L-shell ions info:eu-repo/semantics/article