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oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/674952024-05-10T19:02:42Zcom_10324_36297com_10324_954com_10324_894col_10324_36298

Distefano, T. Isaza, A. Saldarriaga Muñoz, E. Builes, T. 2024-05-10T11:00:35Z 2024-05-10T11:00:35Z 2022 Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 335, 10 February 2022, 130138 0959-6526 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/67495 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130138 2 130138 15 Journal of Cleaner Production 335 Producción Científica Poorer countries often face a severe trade-off: the need to improve socio-economic conditions is hard to balance with the maintenance of key ecological processes. As a case study, we select Colombia, a Latin American country with almost 10% of its inhabitants living in extreme poverty. We elaborate a water–food–labour (WFL) nexus grounded on a sub-national Environmentally Extended Input–Output (EEIO) analysis to assess the virtual water trade (VWT) and virtual informal labour (VIL) flows across administrative departments and economic sectors related to domestic trade. The main results are the following: high cross-departmental resource interdependence both in terms of VWT and VIL, rich departments highly depend on the resources of their neighbouring trading partners, extreme poverty conditions shown by economically isolated departments, and considerable income inequality in the food production sectors. Moreover, departments that are net exporters of virtual water suffer from water stress that might be exacerbated by future high rainfall variability due to climate change. These results suggest that strategies to attain sustainable development goals (SDGs) must deal with the biophysical constraints and the economic and political feasibility of the proposed solutions. In this vein, we argue that a holistic framework, grounded on quantitative analyses, is necessary to support informed policy decisions for the simultaneous achievement of multiple (possibly contrasting) goals. Moreover, severe spatial imbalances call for local policy responses coordinated at the national level. The authors are grateful for the comments received from four anonymous reviewers. T.D. acknowledges the “Low-carbon society: an enhanced modelling tool for the transition to sustainability (LOCOMOTION)” H2020 project (no. 821105) and the PRA project (2020-52) titled “Shaky capitalism: How business and finance respond to global threats”. application/pdf spa Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional Spatial analysis Environmentally extended input–output Spatial analysis Virtual water Informal labour Inequality Sustainable development goals 3322.05 Fuentes no Convencionales de Energía Sub-national water–food–labour nexus in Colombia info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652621043031#d1e6354 SI