2026-04-14T16:01:53Zhttps://uvadoc.uva.es/oai/request

oai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/801332025-12-19T13:39:53Zcom_10324_1191com_10324_931com_10324_894col_10324_1379

Ravnikar, Živa Bahillo Martínez, Alfonso Marušić, Barbara Goličnik Bahillo, Alfonso 2025-11-28T09:39:28Z 2025-11-28T09:39:28Z 2025 IEEE Access, 2025, vol. 13, pp. 172520-172541. 2169-3536 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/80133 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3616791 172520 172541 IEEE Access 13 2169-3536 Urban areas are increasingly affected by environmental stressors such as elevated temperatures and excessive noise, which compromise the usability of public spaces. Nature-based solutions (NBS) are gaining recognition as context-sensitive interventions to mitigate such issues, yet their effective implementation, especially in compact urban areas, depends on specific spatial and morphological conditions. This study evaluates the spatial feasibility of four NBS types: green roofs, vertical greenery, and natural terrain with high or low vegetation across four pilot streets in Ljubljana, each representing a distinct urban typology. Using high-resolution environmental data and discomfort analysis (Ravnikar et al., in press), we developed spatial suitability criteria based on a targeted literature review and technical guidelines. These were operationalized in a GIS-based overlay analysis to identify feasible implementation sites. The results confirm that spatial constraints such as limited open space, unfavorable facade orientation, and underground infrastructure—often restrict the capacity of NBS to deliver meaningful improvements. While some interventions are feasible, their impact remains fragmentary, highlighting the need to consider spatial and technical requirements from the earliest planning stages. Proactive integration of NBS into spatial development is essential to move beyond isolated interventions and achieve systemic environmental benefits. eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ © 2025 The Authors Atribución 4.0 Internacional Atribución 4.0 Internacional The Role of Nature-Based Solutions in Improving Temperature and Noise-Related Comfort in Compact Urban Areas info:eu-repo/semantics/article