2024-03-28T12:33:48Zhttps://uvadoc.uva.es/oai/requestoai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/408282021-06-23T11:47:32Zcom_10324_1183com_10324_931com_10324_894col_10324_1396
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Zamora Ballesteros, Cristina
author
Díez Casero, Julio Javier
author
Martín García, Jorge
author
Witzell, Johanna
author
Solla, Alejandro
author
Ahumada, Rodrigo
author
Capretti, Paolo
author
Cleary, Michelle
author
Drenkhan, Rein
author
Dvořák, Miloň
author
Elvira Recuenco, Margarita
author
Fernández Fernández, María Mercedes
author
Ghelardini, Luisa
author
Gonthier, Paolo
author
Hernández Escribano, Laura
author
Ioos, Renaud
author
Markovskaja, Svetlana
author
Martínez Álvarez, Pablo
author
Muñoz Adalia, Emigdio Jordán
author
Nowakowska, Justyna Anna
author
Oszako, Tomasz
author
Raposo, Rosa
author
Santini, Alberto
author
Hantula, Jarkko
author
2019
Fusarium circinatum (Nirenberg and O’ Donnell) is the causal agent of pine pitch canker
(PPC) disease, one of the most devastating forest diseases worldwide. Long-distance spread occurs
mainly through the movement of infected seeds whereas at regional level, the movement of seedlings,
substrates, or containers may play an important role in fungal dispersal. Invasion of nurseries takes
place via infected seeds and further spread can occur by planting contaminated seedlings, especially
due to the possibility of infected plants remaining symptomless. Once established, F. circinatum spreads
by rain, wind, and insects. The natural spread of the pathogen is limited due to the short dispersal
distances of the spores and the fairly short flight distances of disseminating insects. In this review,
we summarize the currently known dispersal pathways of the pathogen, discussing both natural and
human-assisted processes. With the purpose of understanding how to best intervene in the disease’s
development in nurseries and forests, we outline the epidemiology of the pathogen describing the
key factors influencing its spread. Preventive measures to control the spread of F. circinatum locally
and globally are described with special emphasis on the challenges in implementing them.
Forests, 2019, vol. 10, n. 12. 25 p.
1999-4907
http://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/40828
10.3390/f10121158
Pine Pitch Canker (PPC): Pathways of Pathogen Spread and Preventive Measures