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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Nieto Miguel, Teresa author Galindo de la Rosa, Sara author López Paniagua, Marina author Pérez Soto, María Inmaculada author Herreras Cantalapiedra, José María author Calonge, Margarita author 2019 Extraocular mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an available, non-immunogenic source of stem cells that has proved to possess a potential therapeutic value in corneal epithelium regeneration based on results obtained in both preclinical and clinical studies. All published studies have revealed promising results in animal models and have shown significant corneal regeneration, improved corneal transparency and a rapid healing process associated with the restoration of vision. However, the studies performed to unravel the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of MSCs on the damaged ocular surface have shown that multiple mechanisms might contribute simultaneously to their therapeutic action. Although it remains uncertain if MSCs can transdifferentiate into corneal epithelial cells, these cells have shown a capacity of secreting trophic and growth factors capable of stimulating resident stem cells and reducing tissue injury, an ability to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and a capability to migrate into injured tissues. This book chapter is specifically focused on the preclinical and clinical advancements on the use of extraocular MSCs for corneal epithelium regeneration. Nieto-Miguel, T., Galindo, S., López-Paniagua, M., Pérez, I., Herreras, J.M., Calonge, M. Cell Therapy Using Extraocular Mesenchymal Stem Cells. In: Alió, J., Alió del Barrio, J., Arnalich-Montiel, F. (eds) Corneal Regeneration . Essentials in Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. Nieto-Miguel, T., Galindo, S., López-Paniagua, M., Pérez, I., Herreras, J.M., Calonge, M. (2019). Cell Therapy Using Extraocular Mesenchymal Stem Cells. In: Alió, J., Alió del Barrio, J., Arnalich-Montiel, F. (eds) Corneal Regeneration . Essentials in Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. 2019, p. 231-262 . 978-3-030-01304-2 978-3-030-01303-5 https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/75613 231 262 Corneal Regeneration. Therapy and Surgery. Cell therapy using extraocular cells: mesenchymal stem cells