2024-03-28T12:27:00Zhttps://uvadoc.uva.es/oai/requestoai:uvadoc.uva.es:10324/408352021-06-23T11:47:41Zcom_10324_1183com_10324_931com_10324_894col_10324_1396
Sampling and Detection Strategies for the Pine Pitch Canker (PPC) Disease Pathogen Fusarium circinatum in Europe
Vainio, Eeva J.
Bezos García, Diana
Bragança, Helena
Cleary, Michelle
Fourie, Gerda
Georgieva, Margarita
Ghelardini, Luisa
Hannunen, Salla
Ioos, Renaud
Martín García, Jorge
Martínez Álvarez, Pablo
Mullett, Martin
Oszako, Tomasz
Papazova Anakieva, Irena
Piškur, Barbara
Romeralo Tapia, Carmen
Sanz Ros, Antonio Vicente
Steenkamp, Emma T.
Tubby, Katherine
Wingfield, Michael J.
Díez Casero, Julio Javier
Pine pitch canker disease
Chancro resinoso del pino
Quarantine species
Plagas cuarentenarias
Damping-off
Marchitamiento fúngico
Morphological identification
Identificación morfológica
3106 Ciencia Forestal
Producción Científica
Fusarium circinatum Nirenberg & O’Donnel is listed among the species recommended for
regulation as quarantine pests in Europe. Over 60 Pinus species are susceptible to the pathogen and
it also causes disease on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and species in genera
such as Picea and Larix. The European Food Safety Authority considers the probability of new
introductions—via contaminated seeds, wood material, soil and growing substrates, natural means
and human activities—into the EU very likely. Due to early detection, constant surveillance and
control measures, F. circinatum outbreaks have officially been eradicated in Italy and France. However,
the global spread of F. circinatum suggests that the pathogen will continue to be encountered in new
environments in the future. Therefore, continuous surveillance of reproductive material, nurseries
and plantations, prompt control measures and realistic contingency plans will be important in Europe
and elsewhere to limit disease spread and the “bridgehead effect”, where new introductions of a tree pathogen become increasingly likely as new environments are invaded, must be considered.
Therefore, survey programs already implemented to limit the spread in Europe and that could
be helpful for other EU countries are summarized in this review. These surveys include not only
countries where pitch canker is present, such as Portugal and Spain, but also several other EU
countries where F. circinatum is not present. Sampling protocols for seeds, seedlings, twigs, branches,
shoots, soil samples, spore traps and insects from different studies are collated and compiled in this
review. Likewise, methodology for morphological and molecular identification is herein presented.
These include conventional PCR with a target-specific region located in the intergenic spacer region,
as well as several real-time PCR protocols, with different levels of specificity and sensitivity. Finally,
the global situation and future perspectives are addressed.
European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST Action FP1406 PINESTRENGTH)
Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project AGL2015-69370-R)
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016785)
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (project PTDC/AGR-FOR/2768/2014 and grant SFRH/BPD/122928/2016)
Centro de Estudios do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM) (project UID/AMB/50017/2019)
2020-05-08T12:27:01Z
2020-05-08T12:27:01Z
2019
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
https://doi.org/10.3390/f10090723
Forests, 2019, vol. 10, n. 9. 27 p.
1999-4907
http://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/40835
eng
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/10/9/723
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
© 2019 MDPI
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