RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Brain computer interfaces, a review
A1 Nicolás Alonso, Luis Fernando
A1 Gómez Gil, Jaime
K1 Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)
K1 Electroencephalography (EEG)
K1 Rehabilitation
K1 Artifact
K1 Neuroimaging
K1 Brain-Machine Interface (BMI)
K1 collaborative sensor system
K1 33 Ciencias Tecnológicas
K1 3314 Tecnología Médica
AB A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a hardware and software communications system that permits cerebral activity alone to control computers or external devices. The immediate goal of BCI research is to provide communications capabilities to severely disabled people who are totally paralyzed or ‘locked in’ by neurological neuromuscular disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, brain stem stroke, or spinal cord injury. Here, we review the state-of-the-art of BCIs, looking at the different steps that form a standard BCI: signal acquisition, preprocessing or signal enhancement, feature extraction, classification and the control interface. We discuss their advantages, drawbacks, and latest advances, and we survey the numerous technologies reported in the scientific literature to design each step of a BCI. First, the review examines the neuroimaging modalities used in the signal acquisition step, each of which monitors a different functional brain activity such as electrical, magnetic or metabolic activity. Second, the review discusses different electrophysiological control signals that determine user intentions, which can be detected in brain activity. Third, the review includes some techniques used in the signal enhancement step to deal with the artifacts in the control signals and improve the performance. Fourth, the review studies some mathematic algorithms used in the feature extraction and classification steps which translate the information in the control signals into commands that operate a computer or other device. Finally, the review provides an overview of various BCI applications that control a range of devices.
PB MDPI
SN 1424-8220
YR 2012
FD 2012
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/57272
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/57272
LA eng
NO Sensors, 2012, vol. 12, n. 2, p. 1211-1279
NO Producción Científica
DS UVaDOC
RD 12-jul-2024