RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Non-binary m-sequences for more comfortable brain–computer interfaces based on c-VEPs
A1 Martínez Cagigal, Víctor
A1 Santamaría Vázquez, Eduardo
A1 Pérez Velasco, Sergio
A1 Marcos Martínez, Diego
A1 Moreno Calderón, Selene
A1 Hornero Sánchez, Roberto
K1 Biomedical engineering
K1 Neurosciences
K1 Non-binary codes
K1 Brain–computer interface (BCI)
K1 Electroencephalography (EEG)
K1 Códigos no binarios
K1 Interfaz cerebro-computadora (BCI)
K1 Electroencefalografía (EEG)
K1 32 Ciencias Médicas
K1 2490 Neurociencias
AB Code-modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEPs) have marked a milestone in the scientific literature due to their ability to achieve reliable, high-speed brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) for communication and control. Generally, these expert systems rely on encoding each command with shifted versions of binary pseudorandom sequences, i.e., flashing black and white targets according to the shifted code. Despite the excellent results in terms of accuracy and selection time, these high-contrast stimuli cause eyestrain for some users. In this work, we propose the use of non-binary p-ary m-sequences, whose levels are encoded with different shades of gray, as a more pleasant alternative than traditional binary codes. The performance and visual fatigue of these p-ary m-sequences, as well as their ability to provide reliable c-VEP-based BCIs, are analyzed for the first time.
PB Elsevier
SN 0957-4174
YR 2023
FD 2023
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59955
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/59955
LA eng
NO Expert Systems with Applications, 2023, vol. 232, 120815
NO Producción Científica
DS UVaDOC
RD 12-jul-2024