RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) bark aqueous ammonia extract for the control of invasive forest pathogens
A1 Sánchez Hernández, Eva
A1 Balduque Gil, Joaquín
A1 Barriuso Vargas, Juan José
A1 Casanova Gascón, José
A1 González García, Vicente
A1 Cuchí Oterino, José Antonio
A1 Lorenzo Vidal, Belén
A1 Martín Gil, Jesús
A1 Martín Ramos, Pablo
K1 Árboles - Enfermedades y plagas
K1 Trees - Diseases and pests
K1 Plant pathology
K1 Plantas - Enfermedades y plagas
K1 In vitro tests
K1 Phytophthora cinnamomi
K1 Castaños - Enfermedades y plagas
K1 Pinos - Enfermedades y plagas
K1 Root rot
K1 Forests and forestry
K1 Bosques y silvicultura
K1 Quercus
K1 Invasive pathogens
K1 Holm oak
K1 Encinas
K1 3102 Ingeniería Agrícola
K1 3106 Ciencia Forestal
AB Holm oak (Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) bark is a commonly used remedy to treat gastrointestinal disorders, throat and skin infections, hemorrhages, and dysentery. It has also been previously reported that its methanol extracts possess antibacterial activity, which can be related to the richness of Quercus spp. extracts in phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and tannins. However, there is no information on the antifungal (including oomycete) properties of the bark from Q. ilex or its subspecies (ilex and ballota). In this work, we report the characterization of the aqueous ammonia extract of its bark by FTIR and GC-MS and the results of in vitro and ex situ inhibition tests against three phytopathogens. The main phytochemical components identified were inositols (19.5%), trans-squalene (13%), 4-butoxy-1-butanol (11.4%), gulopyranose (9.6%), lyxose (6.5%), 2,4-dimethyl-benzo[H]quinoline (5.1%), catechol (4.5%), and methoxyphenols (4.2%). The efficacy of the extract in controlling forest phytopathogens was tested in vitro against Fusarium circinatum (responsible for pitch canker of Pinus spp.), Cryphonectria parasitica (which causes chestnut blight), and Phytophthora cinnamomi (which causes ‘root and crown rot’ in a variety of hosts, including Castanea, conifers, Eucalyptus, Fagus, Juglans, Quercus, etc.), obtaining EC90 values of 322, 295, and 75 μg·mL−1, respectively, much lower than those attained for a commercial strobilurin fungicide (azoxystrobin). The extract was further tested ex situ against P. cinnamomi on artificially inoculated, excised stems of ‘Garnem’ almond rootstock, attaining complete protection at a dose of 782 μg·mL−1. The results suggest that holm oak bark extract may be a promising source of bioactive compounds against invasive forest pathogens, including the oomycete that is causing its decline, the so-called ‘seca’ in Spain.
PB MDPI
SN 1422-0067
YR 2022
FD 2022
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/61533
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/61533
LA eng
NO International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022, Vol. 23, Nº. 19, 11882
NO Producción Científica
DS UVaDOC
RD 12-sep-2024