RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 The evolution of benchmaking the carbon efficiency drinking water companies in England and Wales A1 Mocholí Arce, Manuel A1 Sala Garrido, Ramón A1 Maziotis, Alexandros A1 Molinos Senante, María K1 Carbon emission productivity K1 Cross efficiency K1 Carbon efficiency AB Water utilities face the challenge of transitioning to a low-carbon urban water cycle while reducing operational costs. This study evaluates the static and dynamic carbon efficiency of a sample of water companies from 2013 to 2018 operating in England and Wales. Each company was evaluated relative to itself and its peers using cross-efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis techniques. The results showed that the carbon performance of the water industry improved by 2.1% per year, mainly due to efficiency change. In contrast, the contribution of factors driving technical and scale change was almost negligible. PB Elsevier SN 0957-1787 YR 2024 FD 2024 LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/73610 UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/73610 LA eng NO Utilities Policy, diciembre 2024, vol. 91, 101836 NO Producción Científica DS UVaDOC RD 05-feb-2025