RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Electroencephalography in naturalistic and semi‐naturalistic educational contexts: A systematic review A1 García Monge, Alfonso Jorge A1 Rodríguez Navarro, Henar A1 Bores García, Daniel A1 González Calvo, Gustavo K1 educational technologies K1 electroencephalography K1 neuroinformation systems K1 neurophysiological measurements in education K1 5312.04 Educación K1 2490 Neurociencias AB This systematic review examines 76 studies that have utilised portable electroencephalographic (EEG) devices in naturalistic and semi-naturalistic contexts. The review considers themes, purposes, contexts, application populations, device characteristics, and data use. The results show a dominance of studies focused on attention, in technology-mediated semi-naturalistic situations, in which records are made individually, with university students using low-cost equipment with fewer than 15 channels. This review highlights an emerging field within educational research that has not yet been fully integrated into educational practice. However, these first experiences can gradually generate a body of knowledge that will facilitate future applications, together with the development of better and more accessible devices. The use of these devices in educational contexts raises ethical concerns, particularly the influence on teaching decisions by opaque commercial algorithms that may oversimplify assessments of specific cognitive processes and fail to adapt to individual student characteristics. PB Wiley SN 2049-6613 YR 2024 FD 2024 LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/75156 UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/75156 LA eng NO Review of Education, 2024, vol. 12, n. 3, e70020 NO Producción Científica DS UVaDOC RD 01-abr-2025