RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Assessing eco-efficiency of drinking water treatment plants: A synthetic index approach within water-energy-carbon nexus
A1 Sala Garrido, Ramón
A1 Maziotis, Alexandros
A1 Molinos Senante, María
K1 Carbon emissions
K1 Drinking water treatment
K1 Eco-efficiency
K1 Efficiency analysis tree
K1 Operational costs
K1 Water-energy-carbon nexus
K1 31 Ciencias Agrarias
AB Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are essential facilities significantly contributing to greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions and operational costs within the provision of drinking water services. Unlike previous studiesthat evaluated the performance of DWTPs based on a single criterion, this study introduces a synthetic index toassess the eco-efficiency of a sample of 36 DWTPs from a holistic approach. This index integrates three keyvariables such as the volume of water produced and its quality, operational costs, and GHG emissions. The Ef-ficiency Analysis Trees (EAT) method has been applied which, unlike other traditional multi-criteria approaches,also allows estimating optimal operating costs and GHG emissions based on varying produced water volumes.Results reveal substantial variations in optimal operating costs and GHG emissions, ranging from $0.023 to$0.519 per cubic meter and 0.050 kgCO2 equivalent to 0.584 kgCO2 equivalent per cubic meter, respectively.These divergences were also evident in the potential savings in operational costs, which ranged from $0.013 to$0.044 per cubic meter, and in the reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which varied between 0.005gCO2 equivalent and 67.899 gCO2 equivalent. The average eco-efficiency score among the DWTPs was 0.595,ranging from 0.022 to 1.000. The number of eco-efficient DWTPs was 7 representing 19.4% of the sample.Variability in the performance of DWTPs underscores the limitations of uniform regulatory targets, advocatingfor customized targets that consider individual DWTP capacities.
PB Elsevier
SN 0959-6526
YR 2025
FD 2025
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/76292
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/76292
LA eng
NO Journal of Cleaner Production, 2025, vol. 495, p. 145067
NO Producción Científica
DS UVaDOC
RD 19-jul-2025