RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Diagnostic age- and sex-adjusted reference intervals of Meibomian gland morphological features
A1 Novo Díez, Andrea
A1 Blanco Vázquez, Marta
A1 Arlanzon Lope, Pablo
A1 Valencia Sandonis, Cristina
A1 Calonge, Margarita
A1 González García, María Jesús
A1 Fernández Martínez, Itziar
K1 Meibomian glands
K1 Meibography
K1 Reference interval
K1 Dry eye disease
K1 3201.09 Oftalmología
AB Purpose: To establish reference intervals of Meibomian gland (MG) characteristics in healthy participants, and toclassify meibography images of evaporative type dry eye disease (DED) subjects according to the determinedreference intervals.Methods: Prospective study including healthy and evaporative type DED subjects. Upper eyelid meibographyimages were analyzed to evaluate: MG length, minimal distance between endpoints, tortuosity, width, MGshortening area, deviation from a vertical orientation, number of linear segments, MG global area, and number ofMGs. Reference intervals for MG characteristics were determined using generalized additive models for location,scale, and shape (GAMLSS). Participants with evaporative type DED were classified as normal or non-normalbased on the reference intervals. Clinical features were compared between groups using Student’s t test orMann–Whitney U test.Results: Participants were 156 healthy individuals (50.6 % males; mean age 44 years) and 39 individuals withevaporative type DED (74.4 % women; mean age 62 years). MG length, minimal distance between endpoints,tortuosity, and width, depended on age but not on sex. MG shortening area depended on age and sex. Neither agenor sex affected the deviation from a vertical orientation, number of linear segments, MG global area, andnumber of MGs. Furthermore, 66.7 % of the participants in the evaporative type DED group were classified asnormal (all the MG characteristics fell within the corresponding reference intervals). A significantly higher valuewas observed in the non-normal group in OSDI (P = 0.034) and meibum expressibility (P = 0.041, indicative ofpoor expressibility).Conclusions: Reference intervals values may be useful in classifying meibography images as normal or non-normal, thus aiding in the objective diagnosis of morphological alterations of MGs.
PB Elsevier
SN 1367-0484
YR 2025
FD 2025
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/76932
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/76932
LA eng
NO Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 2025, p. 102447
NO Producción Científica
DS UVaDOC
RD 06-ago-2025