RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Long-Term Clinical and Molecular Changes in Dry Eye Disease and Chronic Ocular Pain
A1 Valencia Sandonis, Cristina
A1 Calderón García, Andrés Ángel
A1 Blanco Vázquez, Marta
A1 Valencia Nieto, Laura
A1 Novo Díez, Andrea
A1 Vázquez, Amanda
A1 Calonge, Margarita
A1 González García, María Jesús
A1 Enriquez De Salamanca Aladro, Amalia
K1 dry eye; chronic ocular pain; tear biomarkers; gene expression; miRNAs expression
AB Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent condition characterized by ocular surface inflammation and pain. This study evaluated the long-term progression of DED by analyzing clinical and molecular status, considering the impact of chronic ocular pain. Patients with DED were evaluated at two visits (V1 and V2) separated by at least two years. Evaluations included validated symptom questionnaires alongside slit-lamp examination, corneal sensitivity testing, and sub-basal nerve plexus analysis. Basal tear samples were collected for multiplex quantification of 20 cytokines and substance P (SP), and conjunctival cells were obtained to analyze 25 genes and 12 microRNAs (miRNA). Based on the presence or absence of chronic ocular pain, patients were then divided into two groups. Patients improved in DED-related symptoms, with no changes observed in ocular surface signs. Corneal dendritic cell density decreased, along with epidermal growth factor (EGF), fractalkine, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) tear levels, whereas interleukin (IL)-10 and SP tear levels increased. Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type (NTRK)1 gene expression was significantly downregulated, especially in patients without chronic ocular pain. miR-665 expression decreased significantly in DED patients. Monitoring corneal dendritic cells, tear cytokines, and gene/miRNA expression offers promising tools for tracking DED progression. Distinguishing the presence of chronic ocular pain as a separate symptom is crucial to optimizing therapeutic strategies and DED progression.
PB MDPI
YR 2025
FD 2025
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81476
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81476
LA eng
NO International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Septiembre 2025, vol. 26, n. 18. p. 8918
DS UVaDOC
RD 04-feb-2026