RT info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
T1 Emisiones de biogás producidas en los rellenos sanitarios del Ecuador: estimación de los  beneficios económicos totales de la producción de biogás
A1 Poma Copa, María Paulina
A2 Universidad de Valladolid. Escuela de Doctorado
K1 Biogás
K1 Biogas
K1 Biogás
K1 Methane
K1 Metano
K1 3308 Ingeniería y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente
AB The public service of integrated management of urban solid waste (GIRS) is a challenge for municipal governments, especially in the phases of collection, transportation, and final disposal, where inadequate management generates socio-environmental impacts in the area of direct influence. The anaerobic decomposition of organic waste generates biogas emissions, leachate, and unpleasant odors that affect air quality and contributes around 20% to climate change. A high methane (CH₄) amount has the ability to produce electricity. the amount of biogas produced, composition, climate, all affect its use; biogas capture and conduction systems require a methane content of at least 50%. The objective was to estimate biogas emissions in landfills of different categories and evaluate the economic benefits derived from its production thru air quality and odors, waste characterization, assessment of technical, environmental, economic, social and legal aspects, and biogas estimation using the LandGEM version 3.03 model, in order to determine the technical and economical feasibility of implementing  collection systems to generate electricity and reduce emissions in disposal phase of waste.The methodology included monitoring air quality and odors in the cantons of Loreto and Francisco de Orellana, evaluating CO, O₃, NO₂, SO₂, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, C₆H₆, Cd, Hg, and H₂S within 500m radius. The percentages of organic, recyclable, and non-recyclable fractions were calculated by characterizing the garbage that was produced and collected. The GIRS examination identified major non-conformities (NC+) by taking into account technical, environmental, economic, social, and legal factors. For the Pichacay (Cuenca) and Las Iguanas (Guayaquil) landfills biogas estimation was done, forecasting methane and electrical energy output over the landfill’s lifetime. Manage and tariff models were created for cantons lacking infrastructure, assessing metrics like the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR).The results indicated that the air quality parameters remained within regulatory limits, while the concentration of H₂S showed a slight perception of odor. The canton of Francisco de Orellana in 2022 generated 82.08 tons/day, collecting 73.11 tons/day (58% organic, 22% recyclable, and 20% non-recyclable). The canton of Loreto in 2023 generated 19.39 tons/día, collecting 13.15 tons/day (63% organic; 24% recyclable, and 13% non-recyclable). Other cantons showed a disposal of 559 tons/day in Cuenca and 4,400 tons/day in Guayaquil. The biogas estimation projected a maximum volume of 76,982.177 m³/year for Pichacay in 2021, with CH₄ of 41,007.519 m³/year and generation of 24,313,579.99 kWh/year, enough to supply 1,522 households. With a maximum volume of 693,975.228 m³/year of biogas and 402,505.632 m³/year of CH₄, Las Iguanas produced 229,272,368.53 kWh/year, which was used to service 15,140 households. Billing values based on electricity consumption were calculated using the tariff model, yielding values of $0.28 for 0 kWh; $1.00 for 25 kWh; $2.92 for 100 kWh; $4.5 for 130 kWh; $5.68 for 300 kWh, and $9.83 for 700 kWh. The implementation of the management and tariff models was shown to be financially viable with a NPV of $688,495.13 and an IRR of 9.61%.In conclusion, climate, composition, waste volume, and biogas generation quantity must all be considered for the implementation of biogas capture systems. Conditions for energy use exist in two of the six cantons under examination: A capture system is already in place in Pichacay, and in Las Iguanas is currently undergoing implementation. The cantons of Loreto, Francisco de Orellana, and Aguarico require management strategies based on recycling, organic waste treatment, and recycling workers with a circular economy focus because they lack landfills and have low waste volumes. The landfill management model in Santa Cruz has to be updated. It is recommended that future research evaluate the biogas recovered in lixiviate plants to optimize energy efficiency and emissions reduction.
YR 2025
FD 2025
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81857
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/81857
LA spa
NO Escuela de Doctorado
DS UVaDOC
RD 20-ene-2026