RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Design, Calibration, and Troubleshooting of a Modular Low-Cost 3D Printer Based on Open-Source Technologies
A1 Moreno-Gerena, Mauricio Arturo
A1 Navas Gracia, Luis Manuel
A1 Ardila-Marín, Juan Gonzalo
K1 Motion control; Human–Machine Interface (HMI); embedded firmware; parametric design; automated calibration; power electronics; modular architecture
AB This paper presents the design, construction, and calibration of a modular low-cost 3Dprinter based on open-source technologies, developed as part of an academic researchproject. The printer utilises fused filament fabrication (FFF) and is built using locally availablematerials and components, including a T-slot aluminium frame, NEMA 23 steppermotors, and an Arduino Mega 2560 with RAMPS 1.4 control board. The system integratesMarlin firmware and CURA slicing software, enabling autonomous operation via an LCDpanel and encoder interface. A detailed methodology is provided for mechanical assembly,electronic integration, firmware configuration, and calibration procedures. Special attentionis given to the challenges encountered during the initial testing phase, includingfilament feeding issues, thermal inconsistencies, and mechanical misalignments. Solutionssuch as replacing inadequate components (e.g., fibreglass bushings with PTFE), adjustingspring tension, and refining firmware parameters are discussed. The resultsdemonstrate successful printing of complex geometries after iterative calibration, validatingthe printer’s performance and replicability. This work contributes to the democratisationof additive manufacturing by offering a replicable, open-source solution for educationaland prototyping purposes. The findings are relevant to machine design, automation,and robotics communities seeking practical insights into low-cost fabrication systems.
PB MDPI
SN 2075-1702
YR 2026
FD 2026
LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83091
UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83091
LA eng
NO Machines, 2026, 14, 261
DS UVaDOC
RD 25-feb-2026