RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Varieties and similarities of platform capitalisms: a comparative approach of labor regulation in Brazil, Portugal and Spain A1 Riesgo Gómez, Víctor AB Digital platforms have led to the emergence of a new digital proletariatworldwide, subject to institutional arrangements that put the labor frameworkoutside of labor law. However, this process of remercantilisation andinformalisation of work has been accompanied by a transnational tug-of-warover the legal status of these workers. Using a comparative case study approach,this article seeks to describe and problematise the conflict surrounding theregulation of on-location platform work in Brazil, Portugal, and Spain. It looks at(i) the installation process and extension of the activity of on-location platformsin each country; (ii) the political, regulatory, and jurisprudential debate aroundthe socio-legal framework of couriers and drivers, the role of intermediaries, andlaw-enforcement; (iii) the positions of the di􀀀erent collective actors and politicalagents (workers organizations, business lobbying, governments) on regulatorymodels; (iv) the alternative solutions put forward by movements and publicpolicies, namely cooperative or ethically based platforms and their influence onthe final model established in each country. The comparison between Brazil,Portugal, and Spain highlights how di􀀀erent national contexts – in terms ofcollective actors, labor and political institutions, and regulatory YR 2025 FD 2025 LK https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83230 UL https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/83230 LA eng NO Soeiro J, Seto KS and Riesgo Gómez V (2025) Varieties and similarities of platform capitalisms: a comparative approach of labor regulation in Brazil, Portugal and Spain. Front. Sociol. 10:1454324. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2025.1454324 DS UVaDOC RD 01-mar-2026