TY - JOUR AU - Miralles-Sánchez, Pedro AU - Gómez-Carrasco, Cosme J. AU - Rodríguez-Medina, Jairo PY - 2023 SN - 2504-284X UR - https://uvadoc.uva.es/handle/10324/63508 AB - This article focuses on the validation of two data collection instruments, one is the History Class Observation Tool (HCOT) and the other is focus groups with students, trainee teachers and tutors fromsecondary school classrooms. Themain objective of... LA - eng PB - Frontiers KW - history, secondary education, baccalaureate, validation, systematic observation, historical thinking, training units TI - Design and validation of two tools to observe and analyze history lessons in secondary education DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1213358 ER -